Turpentine hack and puller



Oct. 15, 1940. w. A. sEssoMs TURPENTINE HACK AND FULLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed June 21, 1938 Oct. 15, 1940, w. A. sEssoMs TURPENTINEHACK ANDFULLER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 21, 1938 Patented Oct. 15, 1940 I weUNITED STATES, PATENT. OFFICE William A. Sessoms, Bonifay, Fla.

Application June 21, 1938, Serial No. 215,034

16 Claims.

'l0 ing certain improvements over the form of the invention disclosed inmy Patent No. 2,096,384, issued October 19, 1937, the said applicationcovering improvements in the guide member which is mounted so as to bemovable from one position to another or fixed in position by adjustingmeans.

The present invention relates specifically to a form of knife blade andknife blade mounting adapted for use in connection with various forms ofmy invention as disclosed in the said patent and said application, andwhich is also adapted to be used in the ordinary form of turpentine hackand puller having no guide member or in which the guide member is fixedin position with relation to the knife member.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a form ofknife member adapted for various types of a turpentine hack and pullerand which is held in place on the body member thereof by spring pressureengagement.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of knife blade fora turpentine hack and puller having holding means to rigidly hold theknife member in place on the body member and in which the knife memberis of spring steel and :45 of a form so that the knife blade may besprung into place and readily removed from the body member by overcomingthe resilient force holding the knife member in place.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of knife bladeadapted for various forms of a turpentine hack and puller having asymmetrical curve and mounting means with relation to the body member sothat the knife member may be sprung into place on the body member andrigidly held in place by the holding means during a cutting operationand which is flush with the adjacent portions of the body member so asto avoid interference with the cutting operation in a direct line ofout.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of knife memberwhich is adapted for various types of tools so that when applied to asimplified form of tool, the initial cuts on a turpentine bearing treemay be made more easily near .m the cup than is possible with theordinary or more complex form of myinvention, in which a guide member isused.

With these and other objectsin .View, the invention comprises thevarious features hereinafter more fully described and particularlydefined in .theappended claims, T

The device of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawingsin which:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation showing the preferred form of knifememberof' myinvention mounted on a turpentine hack and puller having aremovable and adjustable elongated guide member;

Fig. 1A is a view in elevation of the shoulder portion of the bodymember of Fig. 1 with the knife member removed;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the section line 2-2 of Fig. 1 inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the knife member and mountingtherefor taken on the section line 33 of Fig. 1 in the direction of thearrows;

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the knife member alone, as removedfrom the body member, taken on the section line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a detailed view in elevation showing a modified form of knifemember embodying my invention as mounted on the adjacent portion of thebody member;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the section. line 6-6 of Fig. 5,showing the projections on the knife member which engage in slots oropenings in the body member to securely hold the knife member in place;I

Fig. '7 illustrates a second modification of the knife member of myinvention showing a different form of mounting means as hereinafterdescribed;

Fig. 8 is an end view of the knife member shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view in elevation of the form of knife shown in Figs. 7 and8 as mounted on the ordinary form of holder without a guide member;

Fig. 10 is a view in elevation of a third modification of the knifemember of my invention in which the knife member is held in place byexpansion against the adjacent walls of the holding means;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional View taken on the section line l|ll of Fig.10 in the directionv of the arrows, and

Fig. 12 is a view in elevation showing the knife member of the thirdmodification separated from the mounting bodyportion of the tool.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the knife member 2 is mounted onthe body member 4 of a turpentine hack and puller having a demountableadjustable form of guide member 6. In this form of the invention theknife member 2 is preferably symmetrically curved as shown in Figs. 3and 4 of the drawings and is made of a suitable spring steel having ahigh elastic limit and adapted to take and hold a knife edge. In thisform of the invention the knife member fits over a shoulder portion 8 ofthe body member and abuts against a flange portion [6 on the shouldermember so that in making the cutting strokes with the knife member theforce of cutting is transmitted directly to the rigid wall portion l2 ofthe body member 4 of the device.

In order to rigidly hold the knife member in place, the mounting memberfor the knife member carries projections l4 and I6 which engage in slotsas I8 or openings as 20 in the knife member. The projections arepreferably cylindrical in form and fit into corresponding cylindricalopenings or slots so as to prevent movement of the knife member when inplace on the mounting member but to permit readily combining or movingthe cooperating parts into adjusted position.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, theguide member 6 is preferably mounted on a projection 22 of the bodymember 4 so that the guide member may be readily removed from the bodyportion so as to permit sharpening the knife member without removalthereof from the body member.

The projection 22 carries a cylindrical portion 24 on which the internalcylindrical portion 26 of the guide member 6 is mounted. The lowerportion of the cylindrical member 26 is divided into two separatedbranches 28 and 30 so as to leave a clearance 32 and 34 on each side ofthe part 22 of the body member so as to permit lateral movement of theguide member 6. In order to permit adjustment of the guide member so asto regulate the thickness of cut on each side of the knife blade,adjusting means as set screws 36 and 38 are provided in the arms 28 and30 respectively. By adjusting the set screws, movement of the guidemember from side to side may be limited so as to provide the desiredthickness of cut.

The forward end portion 21 of the cylindrical member 24 is preferablymade larger than the main body portion of the cylinder 24 so as to forma stop head to engage the forward end 25 of the cylinder member 26. Toassist in holding the guide member 6 in place on the body portion 22, aspring member 42 is mounted in the body of the guide member 6 so as toproject over the projecting end 21 of the cylinder member 24.

It will be apparent that if it is desired to employ this adjustable formof guide member as a fixed guide, it is necessary only to set theadjusting screws 36 and 38 into contact with the adjacent portion of theprojection 22 by which the guide member 6 will then be rigidly held inplace.

In the form of guide member 6 as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings,the upper portion thereof is divided into a V form by the side members44 and 46 which permit accurately positioning the guide portions underthe last cut streak on the tree. It will be understood that in making aright hand cut, the edge member 48 rides on the under surface of thelast out streak, whereas in making a left-hand cut the edge 50 rides onthe under side of the corresponding streak on the left face of the tree.The upper portion of the guide member 6 may, if desired, be solid with afiat top having a corner edge on each side which operates in exactly thesame manner as the side members 44 and 46. As another modification, theupper portion of the guide member 6 may taper to a thin edge at the top.Each of the three forms is useful under certain conditions as will beapparent to those skilled in the art.

In order to remove the knife member 2 from engagement with theprojections l4 and I6 on the body portion 4 in the form of the inventionillustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I preferably provide indentations as 52on the inside of each arm 3 and 5 of the knife member so that a tool maybe inserted in the indentations which has sufficient 'lever action toforce the arms 3 and 5 apart a sufficient distance so that thecorresponding slots or openings l 8 and 2G disengage the projections l4and I6 permitting the knife member to be readily lifted off from themounting portion 8 of the body member.

It will be noted that in the form of invention as illustrated in Figs. 1to 3 of the drawings, the knife edge I of the knife member slopessymmetrically rearwardly in a curve from the uppermost edge 9 of theknife member and that the upper or outer surface of the knife member isflush with the corresponding wall portion I2 of the shoulder portion ormounting member 8 of the body member so that as chips are cut from atree in the cutting stroke there will be no interference during thecutting stroke, and there is a sufficient clearance of space l3 at theinside of the mounting portion 8 so that the chips removed from the treemay pass unobstructed through the said space until the chip isdisengaged from the tree. It will be noted also that the knife member 2is supported transversely by means of a depressed shelf portion 8' so asto support the knife member 10ngitudinally through a substantialdistance and to prevent movement of the knife member when in placeagainst the edge or flanged portion In.

Referring to Figs, 5 and 6 of the drawings, a modification of myinvention is illustrated in which the projections for holding the knifemember in place are integral with the knife member 2, the projectionsI4, l6 fitting into the openings I6 and 26 in the shoulder portion 8, ofthe body member 4, the knife member abutting against the flange orshoulder portion It] in the same manner as has been described inconnection with Fig. 1 of the drawings.

Referring to Figs. '7, 8 and 9 of the drawings, another modification ofthe invention is shown in which the knife member 2 has projections l4and H5 at the lower edge of the knife member adjacent to the rear end ofthe knife, which engage corresponding depressions as l8 in the shoulderportion 8 of the body portion of the turpentine tool by which the knifemember is rigidly held in place. The depressions or slots in this formof the invention are rectangular and extend into the shoulder portion asufficient distance so that the corresponding projections may be fullyseated therein.

Referring to Figs. 10, 11 and 12 of the drawings, an additional form ofthe invention is illustrated in which the knife member 2 fits under theshoulder portion 12 and is inserted in place by compressing the knifemember 2 by means of a tool fitting on the outside of the knife member.

The knife member is provided with openings l8 and 26 which fit over theregistering projections l4 and l 6 in substantially the same manner asexplained in connection with Fig. l of the drawings, except that theknife member must be compressed in order to position it in place againstthe interior shoulder portion ID of the'body'portion l2, It will beclear that in this form of the invention the outer surface of theknife'member 2 is exposed only up to the edge 54 and the upper surfaceof the knife member is flush with the undercut portion 56 of theshoulder portion l2. The knife member 2 in this form of the-inventionhas a flange or edge portion 54 which abuts against the forward edge 60of the shell portion '56 and the rear edge portion 62 of the projection58 of the knife member abuts against a corresponding shoulder portion 64of the portion l2 of the body portion of the tool.

-It willbe understood that the knife member is adapted to be mounted inconnection with any preferred form of body portion of the turpentinehack and puller.

The form of knife member illustrated in Figs. 1, 1A, 2, 3 and 4 has aremovable longitudinally extending guide member as above described indetail. 7

The form of knife member illustrated in Figs. to 9 inclusive, is mountedon a body member 4 having no guide portion, this form being particularlyadapted for making the initial cuts on a tree.

The form of the invention illustrated in connection with Figs. 10 to 12inclusive, has a guide member fi which is integral with the body member4 and extends forwardly of the cutting edge of the knife member so as toguide the knife against the face of the tree and under the last outstreak during the out. It will be understood that the form of knifememberas illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 may be mounted, if desired,in connection with the form of body member havingno guide, as shown moreparticularly in Fig. 9 of the drawings, or it may be used in connectionwith ,the form of body member having a removable guide as illustratedmore particularly in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

In the same way, the other forms of the knife member, as abovedescribed, may be interchanged with other forms of the body member, themounting portion or shoulder portion 8 being correspondingly altered'to'provide the required form of mounting.

It will be understood that various changes or modificationsmay be madein the form of knife member and the mounting member therefor withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in theclaims. It will be apparent, for example, that the cylindrical form ofprojections may be located at the lower edge of the knife member orslightly above the position as illustrated, for example, in Fig. 6 ofthe drawings. It will be apparent also that the same form of projectionand corresponding opening and depression is not required on both sidesof the knife member and the corresponding mounting portion of the bodymember. If desired, I may, for example, employ a depression in the bodymember with a corresponding projection M for the left side of the knifemember as illustrated in connection with Fig. 8 of the drawings, andemploy a corresponding projection on the opposite side of the bodyportion together with an opening or depression on the right side of theknife member corresponding to the form shown at the right in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings. If desired also the circular opening 20 maybe positionedin the lower edge of the knife member so that the center of the circularopeningis just above the lower edge of the knife member so as to leavean opening at the lower edge of the knifmember.

' It will be noted that mall the forms of the sides of the knife memberand mounting member away from the mid-portion or sharply curved portionof the members, by which the knife member is held securely in place,thus preventing canting action during the cutting stroke of the knife.

It will be apparent also that the forms of the openings andcorresponding projections may be varied as desired and that I do notnecessarily employ a form which is circular or rectangular in crosssection. They may be, obviously, triangular in cross section or anyirregular form if desired for any special embodiment of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is: e

1. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member substantiallysymmetrically curved in transverse section and having a forward slopingcutting edge, a mounting member for the knife member, one of saidmembers having a depressed shoulder portion so as to provide a flangefor engagement of the knife portion with the body portion in a planesubstantially at rightangles with the line of cut of the cutting edge ofthe knife member, a projection on each side of one of said members,corresponding depressions in each side of the other of said membersadapted to cooperate with the said projection to assist in holding thesaid knife member in place on the said mounting member, the said knifemember being of resilient steel so as to permit bending the said knifemember into seating position without permanent distortion of the knifemember in the movement to cause engagement of the said depression withthe said projection.

2. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of resilient steelcurved in transverse section to permit distortion of the side membersthereof out of normal alignment, a mounting member for the knife member,a projection on the mounting member, a depression in the knife memberadapted to cooperate with the projection on the mounting member forlocking the knife member in seated position with relation to themounting member without extraneous means applied to the projection forretaining the said projection and depression in locked position, thesaid knife member being bent out of normal alignment to cause engagementof the depression therein with the said projection so that in the seatedposition of the knife member the resilient steel thereof is not undersubstantial stress.

3. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of spring steelcurved in transverse section to permit expansion of theside portions ofthe knifemember out of normal alignment, a mounting member for the knifemember, a projecion on each side of the mounting member "adapted tocooperate with corresponding depressions near the lower edges of theknife member to assist in holding the knife member in seated positionwith relation: to the mounting member,

tion to permit distortion of the side members thereof out of normalalignment, a mounting member for the knife member, a projection on eachside of the mounting member in a position to engage correspondingdepressions at the lower' side of the knife member, a depression on eachside of the knife member to engage said projections and engagingabutting surfaces on said members substantially transverse to thecutting edge of the knife member and a depressed portion on one of saidmembers so that in the seated position of the knife member the outersurface of the knife member will be flush with the correspondingadjacent surface of the mounting member.

5. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of resilient steelcurved in transverse "section, so as to permit distortion of the sidemembers thereof out of normal alignment in seating or disengaging theknife member, a mounting member for the knife member, a depression inthe mounting member, and a projection on the knife member adapted tocooperate with the depression of the mounting member to permit seatingof the knife member on the mounting member, said depression andprojection being located away from the mid-portion of the knife member.

6. In a turpentine hack and puller. a knife member of spring steelcurved in transverse section in substantially U form, a mounting memberfor the knife member of substantially corresponding U form, a depressionin each side of the mounting member, a projection on each side of theknife member adapted to cooperate with the corresponding depressions inthe mounting member to assist in holding the knife member in seatedposition on the mounting member, the knife member being distorted out ofnormal alignment in seating the knife member on the body member duringmovement of the projection into engagement in said depressions, theknife member being under no substantial stress in the seated positionthereof.

7. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of spring steelcurved in transverse section to permit distortion of the side membersthereof out of normal alignment, a mounting member for the knife member,a depression in each side of the mounting member in a position to engagecorresponding projections at the lower sides of the knife member, aprojection on each side of the knife member to engage said depressionsand a depressed portion on the mounting member adapted to engage theunder side of the rear portion of the knife member so as to provideengaging abutting surfaces on the mounting member and knife membersubstantially transverse to the cutting edge of the knife member tooppose the force of the cutting stroke of the knife member.

8. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of resilient steelcurved in transverse section to permit distortion of the side membersthereof out of normal alignment, a mounting member for the knife memberhaving a flange portion extending forwardly from the main mountingportion thereof, a projection on the mounting member, a depression inthe knife member adapted to cooperate with the projection on themounting member to assist in holding the knife member in seatedposition, the knife member being compressed to seat under the saidflange portion to cause engagement of the said projection in thedepression, the knife member being of a form so that the stress in thesteel thereof is substantially released in the seated position of theknife member.

9. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of resilient steelcurved in transverse section to permit compression of the side membersout of normal alignment, a mounting for the knife member having a flangeportion extending forwardly from the main mounting portion to provide aseat internally thereof for the knife member, a corresponding depressedportion on the knife member adapted to engage the said shoulder portionso that in the seated position of the knife member, the outer projectingsurface of the knife member will be substantially flush with thecorresponding outer surface of the mounting member, the said knifemember having a flange portion in a plane substantially transverse tothe cutting edge of the knife for abutting a corresponding edge of thesaid mounting member, and a second flange portion at the interior of themounting member adapted to engage the innermost edge of the knifemember, a projection on each side of the mounting member and adepression on each side of the knife member adapted to engage the saidprojections on the mounting member to assist in holding the knife memberin seated position on the mounting member.

10. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member curved in transversesection and having a forward cutting edge, a mounting member for theknife member, a projection on one of said members, a correspondingdepression in the other of said members adapted to cooperate with thesaid projection to assist in holding the said knife member in place onthe said, mounting member, the said knife member being of resilientsteel so as to permit resilientlybending the said knife member intoplace on the said mounting member and means adapted to be engaged by atool to bend the knife member sufficiently to permit engagement anddisengagement of the said projection and depression.

11. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of spring steelcurved in transverse section, a mounting member for the knife member,one of said members having a projection and the other of said membershaving a corresponding depression adapted to cooperate with saidprojection so as to assist in holding said members in place relative toeach other and engaging means on opposed surfaces of the knife memberadapted to be securely engaged by a lever device for removing the knifemember or positioning the same on the mounting member.

12. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member of resilient steelhaving a suitable temper to take and hold a sharp cutting edge thereon,said knife member being curved in transverse section to permitdistortion of side portions thereof out of normal alignment withoutpermanent distortion, a mounting member for the knife member, aprojection on one of said members, a depression in the other of saidmembers adapted to cooperate with the said projection to assist inholding the said knife member seated with relation to the said mountingmember, the said members having abutting surfacesto take the thrust ofthe cutting stroke of the knife member when in seated position withrelation to the mounting member, indentations on opposite surfaces ofthe knife member adapted to be engaged by opposite arms of a lever forremoving the knife member from the mounting member or for seating theknife member on the mountin member to cause engagement of saidprojection and depression, the knife member being bent out of saidnormal alignment for seating or removing the same, being substantiallyundistorted in seated position. I

13. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member curved in transversesection, a mounting member for the knife member, said members havingengaging abutting surfaces substantially parallel with the cutting edgeof the knife member to resist the force of a cutting stroke, aprojection on one of the said members and a corresponding depressioninterlocking therewith on the other of saidmembers; said projection anddepression being located on opposite sides of the members away from themid-portion so as to prevent canting action of the knife member andpositioned so as not to project beyond the surface along which chipspass during the cutting stroke.

14. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife member curved in transversesection, a mounting member for the knife member, said members havingengaging abutting surfaces substantially parallel with the cutting edgeof the knife mem ber to resist the force of a cutting stroke, aprojection on one of said members and a corresponding depression on theother of said members, said projection and depression being located onopposite sides of the members away from the curved mid-portion of theknife member and interengaging in locked position without extraneousholding means applied to the said projection,

said knife member being of resilient steel to permit being bentsufficiently with relation to the mounting member to causelockingengagement and disengagement of the said projection and depression inthe mounting and dismounting .of the knife member.

15. In a turpentine hack and puller, a knife on one of said members anda corresponding depression on the other of said members, said pro- 1jection and depression being located on opposite sides of the membersaway from the curved mid-portion thereof, being so positioned as not toproject in the interlocked relationv from the surface along which chipsnormally pass during a cutting stroke, at least one of said membersbeing of resilient metal of a thickness to permit being deflectedsufiiciently in mounting and dismounting the knife member tocauselocking engagement and disengagement of the said interlocking means; i

16. A turpentine knife curved in transverse section and of resilientsteel to permit distortion of the side members thereof out of the normalplane and having means located in the side members away from themid-portion thereof adapted to engage cooperating means of a mountingmember for the knife.

WILLIAM A. SESSOMS.

